Phytotoxic, Cytotoxic and Insecticidal Activities of Chrysophthalmum dichotomum Boiss. and Heldr.

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

  • Fatma Ayaz1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Selcuk University, Konya, TURKEY.
  • Nurg n K kboyac2Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TURKEY.
  • Bar Bani3Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, TURKEY.
  • Bilge ener2Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, TURKEY.
  • Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary4International Center for Chemical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, PAKISTAN.

Volume 52 Issue 4s2 Pages s252-s256

DOI: 10.5530/ijper.52.4s.105

Abstract

Background: Chrysophthalmum dichotomum Boiss. and Heldr. (Asteraceae) is an endemic herbaceous plant to Southern part of Turkey. Aim: To investigate in vitro phytotoxic, cytotoxic and insecticidal activities of C. dichotomum. Methods: The MeOH extract of C. dichotomum was fractionated through subsequent solvent extractions in increasing polarity with n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol. The MeOH extract and its fractions were evaluated for their biological acitivities using in vitro screening bioassays such as cytotoxicity on brine shrimps, phytotoxicity against Lemna minor and insecticidal activity against Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum. Results: The n-hexane and chloroform fractions showed significant phytotoxic activity (100 % growth inhibition) at 1000 μg/ml against L. minor. The brine shrimp lethality test revealed that the chloroform and remaining water fractions of C. dichotomum have moderate and positive lethality with LD50 values of 169.48 and 46.26 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, the chloroform and n-butanol fractions had low and moderate insecticidal activity with 20 and 40 % of mortality against Tribolium castaneum, respectively. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that C. dichotomum consists of bioactive constituents responsible for phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity on brine shrimps and insecticidal activity.

Keywords

  • Chrysophthalmum dichotomum
  • Asteraceae
  • Phytotoxicity against Lemna
  • minor
  • Cytotoxicity on brine shrimps
  • Insecticidal activity
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