Application of Factorial Design in Optimization of Synthetic Reactions: a Novel Approach

Abstract:

Optimization techniques represent analytical tools available for the best possible solution to constrained and unconstrained problems involved in an experiment. Optimization techniques encompass experimental design, mathematical model and graphical outcomes which help achieve optimum results. Choices of optimization techniques depend on the number of responses that are required to be optimized. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimized formula for microwave synthesis of Schiff's bases by using suitable optimization techniques. A 3² factorial design was employed using the software Statease 7.1.6 for the microwave assisted synthesis of Schiff's bases with microwave power and molar ratio as independent variables and yield and time required for the reaction as dependent variables. Reaction of 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) acetohydrazide (3) with appropriate aromatic aldehydes in presence of catalytic amount of glacial acetic acid yielded corresponding derivatives of N'-Substituted-2-(1Himidazol- 1-yl) acetohydrazide (4a-4h). The microwave assisted organic synthesis of these Schiff's bases made the procedure economical and eco-friendly thus maintaining the sustainability of Green Synthesis.

Key words: Schiff's Bases, Optimization, 3²Factorial design, Statease 7.1.6.