Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Potential of Cucumis prophetarum L. Fruit Extract

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

  • Sadique Akhtar Javed1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Asaad Khalid2Health Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Rym Hassani3Environment and Nature Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Syam Mohan4Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Kuthambakkam, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  • Ashraf Nabiel Abdalla5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Zia ur Rehman
  • Asim Najmi1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Khalid Zoghebi1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Hafiz Antar Makeen6Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Mohammed Albratty1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.

Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 1189-1198

DOI: 10.5530/ijper.20262051

Abstract

Objectives: The present study examined phytochemical composition of ethanolic extract and evaluated cytotoxic properties of Cucumis prophetarum L. Materials and Methods: Phytochemical composition of extract was evaluated by GC-MS and screened for cytotoxic activity by MTT assay. The human cancer cell-lines including MCF7, A2780, HT29, and Normal Fetal Lung Fibroblasts (MRC5), used to determine cytotoxicity and selectivity index of the extract. Results and Discussion: Fatty acid esters (43.74%), phthalic acid diesters (11.38%), fatty acid silyl esters (4.15%), and siloxane derivatives (3.88%), aromatic monoterpenes (2.75%) and pentacyclic triterpenoids (1.21%) were the main constituents detected in the extract. Results indicated that MCF7 cells exhibited highest sensitivity (IC50: 3.30 μg/mL) and the extract was selective and caused early apoptosis against the same cell-lines. Conclusion: The outcomes of this investigation indicated that the bioactive components in the extract might be employed for cytotoxic purposes. The study will be useful to establish the scientific basis for ethnopharmacological usage of the tested plant.

Keywords

  • Cucumis prophetarum L
  • GC-MS
  • Phytochemical
  • Cytotoxic
  • Selectivity index
  • Apoptosis
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