In vitro Characterisation of an Injectable Composite Graft Material Synthesised from Collagen Extracted from Fish Scales and Eggshell-Derived Hydroxyapatite

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

  • Sruthy Prathap1Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.
  • Rajesh Kashyap Shankar1Department of Periodontology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.
  • Nebu George Thomas2Department of Periodontology, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Thiruvalla, Kerala, INDIA.
  • Jayachandran Venkatesan3Department of Biomaterials and Transplant Sciences, School of Dental Sciences and Technology, Malla Reddy Vishwavidyapeeth, Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.
  • Binsi Puthanpurakkal Kizhakkethil4Department of Fisheries, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Matsyapuri PO, Willington Island, Cochin, Kerala, INDIA.
  • Suprith Surya5Department of Advanced Surgical Skill Enhancement Division, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.
  • Prathap Mulackal Sreekantantan6Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.

Volume 60 Issue 3 Pages 1013-1020

DOI: 10.5530/ijper.20261992

Abstract

<strong>Aim/Background: Collagen and hydroxyapatite have been used as scaffold for bone repair encouraging cell adhesion and growth. Composites synthesized from hydroxyapatite and collagen mimic biomechanical properties of natural bone. Extensive efforts have been made to fabricate graft materials from natural sources to mimic biochemical and biomechanical properties of natural bone. The present study is aimed to synthesise a composite graft from eggshell derived hydroxyapatite and fish collagen and characterize the novel material. Materials and Methods: The composite graft material was prepared using eggshell derived hydroxyapatite (60%) and fish derived collagen (40%) by lyophilisation. The prepared novel material was characterised using FTIR, XRD and SEM Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. The material is then mixed with a suitable binder (glycerol). Results: The FTIR and XRD analysis confirms a composite material of hydroxyapatite- collagen composite graft. The ratio of hydroxyapatite to collagen was 60: 40. Crystallinity of the hydroxyapatite was not disrupted by the collagen. The collagen particles agglomerated with each other as well as on hydroxyapatite particles according to SEM. The composite graft was found to be noncytotoxic. Conclusion: In the present study eggshell derived hydroxyapatite and fish collagen has been used to synthesize a composite graft. Glycerine has been used as a binder to improve the properties. The prepared novel composite material exhibited good cell viability and may be effectively used as an alternative to conventional bone substitutes.

Keywords

  • Bone graft
  • Composite
  • Eggshell
  • Hydroxyapatite
  • Fish Collagen
  • Characterisation
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