The Prevalence of Anemia and Hematological Findings in COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

  • Mazen Almehmadi1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Magdi Salih1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Ayman Al-hazmi1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Muhannad Alenazi1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Osama Abdulaziz1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Faisal Almalki1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Alaa Shafie1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Naif Alsiwiehri1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Mamdouh Allahyani1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Njoud Althibity2Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Ebtisam Alosimi2Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Abdullah Turjoman5Department of Clinical Laboratory, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Fatimah Rebh3Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Riyadh, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Abdulelah Aljuaid1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, SAUDI ARABIA.
  • Mustafa Halawi4Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, SAUDI ARABIA.

Volume 56 Issue 4 Pages 1226-1231

DOI: 10.5530/ijper.56.4.204

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of anemia among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia and evaluate their hematological parameters. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted between February 2021 to March 2021, data collection covered the period between September 2020 to March 2021. All the patients were hospitalized for confirmed COVID-19. Results: A total of 6048 COVID-19 patients included in our study, 2358 (48.9%) were anemic, 3666 (60.61%) were normal HGB level, and only 24 (0.49%) were having polycythemia. Hemoglobin level ranged from 5 g/dL to 18 g/dL with a median (interquartile range) of 11.8 g/dL (8.9 to 13.1) g/dL. The median for male (interquartile range) was for anemic patient’s 9.8 g/dL (8.5 to 11.4) g/dL, normal 14 g/dL (13.5 to 14.8) g/dL, and polycythemia 17.4 g/dL (17.2 to 17.7) g/dL. The median for female (interquartile range) was for anemic patient’s 9.1 g/dL (8.2 to 10.2) g/dL, normal 13.5 g/ dL (12.5 to 14.5) g/dL, and polycythemia 17 g/dL (16.82 to 17.2) g/dL. Hematological parameters detected are indicative of severe complications in anemic patients compared to non-anemic patients. Conclusion: Our findings were consistent with other studies that reported poor outcomes of anemia in COVID-19 patients.

Keywords

  • Anemia
  • Polycythemia
  • COVID-19
  • Hematological factors
  • CBC
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