Embelin and Levodopa Combination Therapy Mitigates Parkinson's Disease Complications in Mice

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

  • Anand Koppal1Department of Pharmacology, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Shivamogga, Karnataka, INDIA.
  • Senthilkumar Sivanesan2Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  • Vagdevi Hangarakatte Ramachandra1Department of Pharmacology, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Shivamogga, Karnataka, INDIA.
  • Ethirajan Sukumar2Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA., 3Division of Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.
  • Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan2Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.

Volume 55 Issue 2s Pages s468-s478

DOI: 10.5530/ijper.55.2s.118

Abstract

Purpose: The present work evaluated the neuroprotective potential of embelin either alone and in combination with Levodopa in rotenone induced PD (Parkinson’s disease) model mice. Methods: Swiss albino male adult mice were randomly divided into 7 groups. Group-1 (Control) received 2mL/kg olive oil by oral route (p.o.), Groups from 2 to 7 were induced with 2.5mg/kg rotenone by intraperitoneal route (i.p.), levodopa was administered to Group-3. Group-4 and Group-5 were given 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg embelin p.o. Group 6 and 7 were given embelin p.o. at dose of 20 mg and 40 mg/kg respectively and also 7.5 mg/kg Levodopa p.o. At the end of the experiment (22nd day), blood was withdrawn by retro-orbital puncture to estimate various biochemical parameters and organs such as liver and brain, were dissected for histopathological and histochemical studies. Results: Drug treatment with a combination of embelin (40 mg/kg) and levodopa (7.5 mg/kg) to PD mice showed better neuroprotective activity than the remaining drug treatment groups based on the results from biochemical, histopathology and α-synuclein protein immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: The current in-vivo research showed that mice treated with embelin at a dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. along with reduced levodopa (7.5 mg/kg) standard therapy was effective to ameliorate rotenone induced PD complications.

Keywords

  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Swiss albino mice
  • Rotenone
  • Embelin
  • Levodopa
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