Response Surface Methodology Optimization of Thebaine Biotransformation into Codeine and Morphine Using Bacillus sp. FAR

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

  • Nazanin Ataee1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, IRAN.
  • Jamshid Fooladi2Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Vanak, Tehran, IRAN.
  • Mohammad Hasan Namaei3Birjand Infectious Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghafary Ave., Birjand, IRAN.
  • Fateme Mirzajani4Departmrnt of Nanobiotechnology, Protein Research Center (PRC), Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Tehran, IRAN.

Volume 51 Issue 4 Pages 684-691

DOI: 10.5530/ijper.51.4.101

Abstract

Background: Codeine and morphine are important pharmaceuticals having analgesic characteristics. Aim: The current study used response surface methodology to optimize the biotransformation of thebaine into codeine and morphine using Bacillus sp. FAR. Methods: A central composite design was used to determine the optimal concentrations of buffer and thebaine, pH, time, temperature, and biomass. Improvement in transformation was monitored using HPLC-DAD. Results: The optimized conditions employed were pH 7.7 at 36°C for 30 h using a thebaine concentration of 80 μg/mL, 45 mM tris of buffer and 2.9% w/v biomass. The optimal conditions for codeine and morphine production were 2.995 and 1.113 μg, respectively. Conclusion: Optimization demonstrated that pH and biomass had the strongest effects on biotransformation.

Keywords

  • Biotransformation
  • CCD
  • Codeine
  • Morphine
  • Thebaine
  • Bacillus
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