Evaluation of cytoprotective properties of sodium cromoglycate on ethanol induced ulcer was performed in albino rats. Ulcer index was assessed in 100-150 gm fasted albino rats after administration of ethanol. Sodium cromoglycate showed 81.85% ulcer protection which was nearly equivalent to 86.5% and significantly decreased ulcer index (P< 0.0001) when compared with sucralfate. Lipid peroxidation, glutathione level and alkaline phosphatase were measured in gastric mucosal lesion. The glutathione level in control, sucralfate and sodium cromoglycate was 0.8 ± 0.036, 2.783 ± 0.060, 2.483 ± 0.030 respectively which implicates sodium cromoglycate cause a significant increase in level of GSH level (P< 0.0001). Sodium cromoglycate significantly reduced the ALP level (P < 0.0001). Alkaline phosphatase in control, sucralfate and sodium cromoglycate was 54.78 ± 0.755, 33.28 ± 0.654, 37.11 ± 0.727 respectively. Lipid peroxidation in control, sucralfate and sodium cromoglycate was 47.54 ± 0.567, 29.64 ± 0.480, 34.89 ± 1.543 respectively. Histopathology was performed on gastric mucosa in which sodium cromoglycate pretreated rats showed almost normal architecture in comparison to the reference drug. The study showed sodium cromoglycate increased the glutathione level and decreased the lipid peroxidation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) an indicative of cytoprotection. These investigations confirmed the cytoprotective property of sodium cromoglycate.
Keywords: sodium cromoglycate, lipid peroxidation, sucralfate, alkaline phosphatase, glutathione reductase.