Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Essential Oils from Rosmarinus officinalis and Populus alba on Experimental Models of Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Rats

Abstract:

Objective / Purpose: Essential oils (EOs) distelled form aromatic plants have a wide range of uses because of their rich pharmacological activities including, antiinflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective. The present research aimed to investigate in-vivo anti-inflammatory effects of EOs from Rosmarinus officinalis and Populus alba as biomarker levels in well-defined acute and chronic inflammation models. Material and Methods: The anti-inflammatory activity of EOs of R. officinalis and P. alba was carried out using two model, one of them is acute inflammation that induction by dextran 1% at the rat paw¹ and another is chronic inflammation that induction by monoiodoacetic solution.² To evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of EOs, a measure of paw thickness was carried out with the calculation of percent inhibition. Thus, monitoring of some biomarkers will be paramount. Results / Discussion: The results indicate the absence of severe clinical signs or dead in rats during the observation period. Therefore, the EOs of R. officinalis and P. alba are devoid of acute toxicity in rats. For treatment with the EOs of R. officinalis, P. alba and Diclofenac^®, the results showed a significant reduction for responses induced by dextran. Treatments produced reductions in inflammation ranging from 2.19 to 15.15%. Treatment with EOs showed a recovery of values of biochemical markers during the experimental period. Conclusion: The EOs of R. officinalis and P. alba demonstrate anti-inflammatory effect on both acute and chronic inflammation models, thus they could be used for pharmacological purposes as anti-inflammatory agents.

Key words: Anti-inflammatory, Essential oils, Experimental model, Rosmarinus officinalis, Populus alba.